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Land area: 41,865 sq mi (108,430 sq km); total area: 42,042 sq mi (108,890 sq km)
Population (2022 est.): 17.11 million
Capital and largest city (2022 est.): Guatemala City, 2,983,000

Guatemala: Capital City Profile
Monetary unit: Quetzal
National name: Repblica de Guatemala
Languages: Spanish 60%, Amerindian languages 40% (23 officially recognized Amerindian languages, including Quiche, Cakchiquel, Kekchi, Mam, Garifuna, and Xinca)
Ethnicity/race: Mestizo (Ladino)?mixed Amerindian-Spanish ancestry?and European 59.4%, K'iche 9.1%, Kaqchikel 8.4%, Mam 7.9%, Q'eqchi 6.3%, other Mayan 8.6%, indigenous non-Mayan 0.2%, other 0.1% (2001)
Religions: Roman Catholic, Protestant, indigenous Mayan beliefs
National Holiday: Independence Day, September 15
Background:
The Maya civilization flourished in Guatemala and surrounding regions during the first millennium A.D. After almost three centuries as a Spanish colony, Guatemala won its independence in 1821. During the second half of the 20th century, it experienced a variety of military and civilian governments as well as a 36-year guerrilla war.
In 1996, the government signed a peace agreement formally ending the conflict, which had led to the death of more than 100 000 people and had created some 1 million refugees.

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