What you need to know about the European Union.
The EU countries are: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Republic of Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain and Sweden.
EU member countries in brief
Links to an External Website: (european-union.europa.eu). Credit: The official website of the European UnionAustria
- Capital: Vienna
- Official EU language(s): German
- EU member country: since 1 January 1995
- Currency: euro. Euro area member since 1 January 1999
- Schengen: Schengen area member since 1 December 1997
- Figures: Geographical size - population - gross domestic product (GDP) per capita in PPS
Belgium
- Capital: Brussels
- Official EU language(s): Dutch, French and German
- EU member country: since 1 January 1958
- Currency: euro. Euro area member since 1 January 1999.
- Schengen: Schengen area member since 26 March 1995.
- Figures: Geographical size - population - gross domestic product (GDP) per capita in PPS
Bulgaria
- Capital: Sofia
- Official EU language(s): Bulgarian
- EU member country: since 1 January 2007
- Currency: Bulgarian lev BGN. Bulgaria has committed to adopt the euro once it fulfils the necessary conditions.
- Schengen: Bulgaria is currently in the process of joining the Schengen area.
- Figures: Geographical size - population - gross domestic product (GDP) per capita in PPS
Croatia
- Capital: Zagreb
- Official EU language(s): Croatian
- EU member country: since 1 July 2013
- Currency: Croatian Kuna HRK. Croatia has committed to adopt the euro once it fulfils the necessary conditions.
- Schengen: No, Croatia is not a member of the Schengen area
- Figures: Geographical size - population - gross domestic product (GDP) per capita in PPS
Cyprus
- Capital: Nicosia
- Official EU language(s): Greek
- EU member country: since 1 May 2004
- Currency: euro. Euro area member since 1 January 2008
- Schengen: Cyprus is currently in the process of joining the Schengen area.
- Figures: Geographical size - population - gross domestic product (GDP) per capita in PPS
Czechia
- Capital: Prague
- Official EU language(s): Czech
- EU member country: since 1 May 2004
- Currency: Czech koruna (CZK). Czechia is currently preparing to adopt the euro.
- Schengen: Schengen area member since 21 December 2007
- Figures: Geographical size - population - gross domestic product (GDP) per capita in PPS
Denmark
- Capital: Copenhagen
- Official EU language(s): Danish
- EU member country: since 1 January 1973
- Currency: Danish krone DKK. Denmark has negotiated an opt-out from the euro and thus is not obliged to introduce it.
- Schengen: Schengen area member since 25 March 2001
- Figures: Geographical size - population - gross domestic product (GDP) per capita in PPS
Estonia
- Capital: Tallinn
- Official EU language(s): Estonian
- EU member country: since 1 May 2004
- Currency: euro. Euro area member since 1 January 2011
- Schengen: Schengen area member since 21 December 2007
- Figures: Geographical size - population - gross domestic product (GDP) per capita in PPS
Finland
- Capital: Helsinki
- Official EU language(s): Finnish, Swedish
- EU member country: since 1 January 1995
- Currency: euro. Euro area member since 1 January 1999
- Schengen: Schengen area member since 25 March 2001
- Figures: Geographical size - population - gross domestic product (GDP) per capita in PPS
France
- Capital: Paris
- Official EU language(s): French
- EU member country: since 1 January 1958
- Currency: euro. Euro area member since 1 January 1999
- Schengen: Schengen area member since 26 March 1995
- Figures: Geographical size - population - gross domestic product (GDP) per capita in PPS
Germany
- Capital: Berlin
- Official EU language(s): German
- EU member country: since 1 January 1958
- Currency: euro. Euro area member since 1 January 1999
- Schengen: Schengen area member since 26 March 1995
- Figures: Geographical size - population - gross domestic product (GDP) per capita in PPS
Greece
- Capital: Athens
- Official EU language(s): Greek
- EU member country: since 1 January 1981
- Currency: euro. Euro area member since 1 January 2001
- Schengen: Schengen area member since 1 January 2000
- Figures: Geographical size - population - gross domestic product (GDP) per capita in PPS
Hungary
- Capital: Budapest
- Official EU language(s): Hungarian
- EU member country: since 1 May 2004
- Currency: Hungarian Forint HUF. Hungary is currently preparing to adopt the euro.
- Schengen: Schengen area member since 21 December 2007
- Figures: Geographical size - population - gross domestic product (GDP) per capita in PPS
Ireland
- Capital: Dublin
- Official EU language(s): Irish, English
- EU member country: since 1 January 1973
- Currency: euro. Euro area member since 1 January 1999
- Schengen: Ireland has negotiated an opt-out from Schengen area.
- Figures: Geographical size - population - gross domestic product (GDP) per capita in PPS
Italy
- Capital: Rome
- Official EU language(s): Italian
- EU member country: since 1 January 1958
- Currency: euro. Euro area member since 1 January 1999
- Schengen: Schengen area member since 26 October 1997
- Figures: Geographical size - population - gross domestic product (GDP) per capita in PPS
Latvia
- Capital: Riga
- Official EU language(s): Latvian
- EU member country: since 1 May 2004
- Currency: euro. Euro area member since 1 January 2014
- Schengen: Schengen area member since 21 December 2007
- Figures: Geographical size - population - gross domestic product (GDP) per capita in PPS
Lithuania
- Capital: Vilnius
- Official EU language(s): Lithuanian
- EU member country: since 1 May 2004
- Currency: euro. Euro area member since 1 January 2015
- Schengen: Schengen area member since 21 December 2007
- Figures: Geographical size - population - gross domestic product (GDP) per capita in PPS
Luxembourg
- Capital: Luxembourg
- Official EU language(s): French, German
- EU member country: since 1 January 1958
- Currency: euro. Euro area member since 1 January 1999
- Schengen: Schengen area member since 26 March 1995
- Figures: Geographical size - population - gross domestic product (GDP) per capita in PPS
Malta
- Capital: Valletta
- Official EU language(s): Maltese, English
- EU member country: since 1 May 2004
- Currency: euro. Euro area member since 1 January 2008
- Schengen: Schengen area member since 21 December 2007
- Figures: Geographical size - population - gross domestic product (GDP) per capita in PPS
Netherlands
- Capital: Amsterdam
- Official EU language(s): Dutch
- EU member country: since 1 January 1958
- Currency: euro. Euro area member since 1 January 1999
- Schengen: Schengen area member since 26 March 1995
- Figures: Geographical size - population - gross domestic product (GDP) per capita in PPS
Poland
- Capital: Warsaw
- Official EU language(s): Polish
- EU member country: since 1 May 2004
- Currency: Polish Złoty PLN. Poland is currently preparing to adopt the euro.
- Schengen: Schengen area member since 21 December 2007
- Figures: Geographical size - population - gross domestic product (GDP) per capita in PPS
Portugal
- Capital: Lisbon
- Official EU language(s): Portuguese
- EU member country: since 1 January 1986
- Currency: euro. Euro area member since 1 January 1999
- Schengen: Schengen area member since 26 March 1995
- Figures: Geographical size - population - gross domestic product (GDP) per capita in PPS
Romania
- Capital: Bucharest
- Official EU language(s): Romanian
- EU member country: since 1 January 2007
- Currency: Romanian Leu RON. Romania has committed the euro once it fulfils the necessary conditions.
- Schengen: Romania is currently in the process of joining the Schengen area.
- Figures: Geographical size - population - gross domestic product (GDP) per capita in PPS
Slovakia
- Capital: Bratislava
- Official EU language(s): Slovak
- EU member country: since 1 May 2004
- Currency: euro. Euro area member since 1 January 2009
- Schengen: Schengen area member since 21 December 2007
- Figures: Geographical size - population - gross domestic product (GDP) per capita in PPS
Slovenia
- Capital: Ljubljana
- Official EU language(s): Slovenian
- EU member country: since 1 May 2004
- Currency: euro. Euro area member since 1 January 2007
- Schengen: Schengen area member since 21 December 2007
- Figures: Geographical size - population - gross domestic product (GDP) per capita in PPS
Spain
- Capital: Madrid
- Official EU language(s): Spanish
- EU member country: since 1 January 1986
- Currency: euro. Euro area member since 1 January 1999
- Schengen: Schengen area member since 26 March 1995
- Figures: Geographical size - population - gross domestic product (GDP) per capita in PPS
Sweden
- Capital: Stockholm
- Official EU language(s): Swedish
- EU member country: since 1 January 1995
- Currency: Swedish krona SEK. Sweden has committed the euro once it fulfils the necessary conditions.
- Schengen: Schengen area member since 25 March 2001
- Figures: Geographical size - population - gross domestic product (GDP) per capita in PPS
Source: The official website of the European Union
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